Global drought is one of the most pressing environmental and economic issues in this era. Reducing rainfall and increasing temperatures have detrimental impacts on ecosystems and society. The environmental impacts of drought include reduced water quality, habitat destruction, and loss of biodiversity. In many cases, rivers, lakes and animals that depend on water sources have difficulty adapting. For example, drought in agricultural areas can cause reduced crop yields and food shortages. Economically, drought has a devastating domino effect. Farmers often experience huge losses due to crop failure, which has a direct impact on global food security. An increase in food prices is also seen when supply decreases. The agricultural sector, which is the backbone of many developing countries, is highly vulnerable to drought. In addition, drought can result in increased costs for water transportation, health, and disaster mitigation. Drought not only affects the agricultural sector, but also other industries. The energy sector, especially hydroelectric power generation, faces serious challenges. Reduced river flows can limit energy production capacity, leading to power outages and increased dependence on alternative energy sources. In addition, drought exacerbates social security issues; people who lose their livelihoods may be forced to migrate, creating tensions between tribes and between political leaders. Some tourism-dependent economies are also suffering from drought. Tourist destinations known for their natural beauty, such as national parks and natural swimming pools, can lose their appeal when their water sources dry up. This has an impact on local people’s income and jobs in the tourism sector. In adaptation efforts, many countries are starting to implement water conservation techniques and sustainable agricultural practices. Efficient irrigation technology and wastewater treatment are important to overcome the negative impacts of drought. In addition, public awareness of the importance of wise water resource management is increasing globally. Government policies that support investment in long-term water infrastructure could also be a solution. By prioritizing research and development in the face of climate change, countries can reduce the impact of future droughts. In addition, international collaboration is very important to support each other in research. The importance of environmental education and public awareness in dealing with drought cannot be ignored. Through educational programs and campaigns, the community can better understand and be involved in sustainable water resource management efforts. Moving forward, the role of individuals in conservation and efficient use of resources will greatly determine success in dealing with the impacts of global drought.